目录

「出海厂商」还是「厂商出海」? 「Going Global」辨义

目录

前不久有同事提出,以下译文不仅语法“不规范”,还容易引发“歧义”。

原文:国内ASO服务商也纷纷开始服务出海厂商。

译文:Chinese ASO companies have started to serve clients going global.

为避免“歧义”,该同事建议把译文改为:

Chinese ASO companies have started to serve their clients for their global presence.

从改后的意思看,笔者认为第二种译法不妥。原文明确说服务的对象是“开拓海外市场的厂商”,即“出海厂商”,而改后似乎变成“帮助厂商拓展海外市场”,即“厂商出海”,这脱离了原意。

文首译文是否存在歧义? going global 是否容易被当作补语?

我们知道, “及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语”的结构里,动词一般分为三类:

  1. Factitive verb / 作为动词

    appoint 、 call、 choose 、 keep 、 consider 、 designate、 elect 等。其后的宾语和补语属于“同位关系”。比如:

    I thought him an honest man.

  2. Perception verb / 感知动词

    hear、 see、 watch、 notice、 feel、 notice 等。比如:

    I heard her singing a song as I walked past her room.感知动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语(分词短语 ing …)

  3. Causative verb / 使役动词

    let、 cause、 permit、 allow、 help、 assist、 have、 hire、 employ、 make、 force 等。允许或迫使或协助别人去做原本无权做、不想做或做不到的事情。比如:

    No one can make John do the work.

    We helped them to meet each other.

动词 serve 显然既不属于“作为动词”,也不属于“感知动词”,那么它是“使役动词”吗?

  1. 从意思来看

    serve 作及物动词时,常用来表示为他人提供服务或履行对他人的义务,但并不强调他人本身无力行事。比较而言,使役动词 help 虽然同样意味着为他人利益行事,但往往暗含他人本身无力行事之意。试比较:

    He proudly served his country during the war.

    She helps her elderly parents with household chores.

  2. 从结构来看

    to serve somebody 用例包括:

    Frank has served this company his whole working life.serve + 宾语

    The bar staff spend more time chatting to friends than serving customers.serve + 宾语

    Carolyn served them tea and cake in the garden.serve + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

    The waiter served them both with salmon poached in white wine.serve + 宾语 + 动词补语(介词短语 with …)

    His ability to get on with people served him well in setting up his own business.serve + 宾语

    to serve somebody with a writ/summons serve + 宾语 + 动词补语(介词短语 with …)

    使役动词通常采用带 to 或者不带 to 的不定式作为补语,而以上用例显示, serve somebody (to) do something 的情形很少见。

看来,母语读者理应不会误把 going global 当做 clients 的补语,而只会把它当做对 clients 起限定作用的定语,即用来说明服务的对象是拓展海外市场的企业而不是其他企业。

ing 结构紧跟在名词后面作定语的例子并不少见,比如:

I watched the match because I knew the people playing. 动词 + 宾语( ing 定语后置)

比赛选手我认得,所以那场比赛我看了。

细心的读者可以发现,这个例子与文首译文的结构其实相同。

综合以上我们可以得出结论:serve 作及物动词时通常不接宾语补语,文首译文里的分词短语 going global 是 clients 的定语, to serve clients going global 并不存在歧义。