超越文字:译者作为确证人的角色
当代信息流动快速,翻译沟通不同文化和语言世界,这座桥梁不可或缺。然而,不少人以为,翻译仅仅是从一种语言到另一种语言的简单转换,一个简单的按键操作就能完成。实际上,专业译员所提供的,远不止是一份经过语言转换的文档那么简单,客户向译员购买的是一种确证服务。
这种服务,基于译者对多种语言的纯熟掌握及其对相关行业知识的理解。在似是而非的表达之间,译者上下透视,反复权衡,为译文的准确和地道背书。这既是艺术,也是科学。
我们以一组实际案例为例深入探讨这一点。这些案例涉及对某律师事务所及其旗下的知识产权代理有限公司的网站介绍。
案例一
广东泉郡律师事务所、深圳市泉郡知识产权代理有限公司,由一流的律师、咨询师、代理人、企业IPR等各领域高端人才组成,致力于企业经营的角度,为企业知识产权提供全套解决方案。1
Guangdong Quanjun Law Firm and Shenzhen Quanjun Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. are composed of high-end talented people in various fields such as first-class lawyers, consultants, agents, and corporate intellectual property rights consultants. They are committed to providing comprehensive solutions for corporate intellectual property management from the perspective of business operation.
Guangdong Quanjun Law Firm and Shenzhen Quanjun Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. bring together elite professionals across various domains, including top-tier lawyers, consultants, agents, and corporate IP advisors. We are devoted to delivering a full spectrum of intellectual property solutions tailored for businesses, ensuring they are strategically aligned to enhance and support our clients' operational success.
意思含混
译文一简单地提到了“from the perspective of business operation”,而译文二则采用了“ensuring they are strategically aligned to enhance and support our clients' operational success”这样更加地道和目标导向的表达。译文二更好地捕获了原文的精神,即提供的服务不仅仅是解决方案,而是确保这些解决方案能够促进客户的运营成功。
译员不仅要理解原文的具体内容,还要能够根据目标读者的预期和语言习惯进行调整,这样才能确保表达方式更符合目标语言的习惯,也更能吸引并说服读者。
表达乏味
译文二的句子结构更加紧凑和有力,如“bring together elite professionals”和“full spectrum of intellectual property solutions”等表达,不仅增强了文本的说服力,也提高了其吸引力。这种表达方式在传达原文信息的同时,能够更有效地抓住目标读者的注意,提升信息传递的效率。
案例二
广东泉郡律师事务所、深圳市泉郡知识产权代理有限公司是由刘权郡律师组建,汇集了多位具有十余年知识产权诉讼、专利代理、商标业务及企业知识产权管理经验的专家成员,始终秉承“如履薄冰、雷厉风行、团队协作、勇于当责”的团队精神,形成强有力的专业团队。
Guangdong Quanjun Law Firm and Shenzhen Quanjun Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. are founded by Lawyer Liu Quanjun. These establishments gathered a great number of experts with more than ten years' experience in areas of Intellectual Property Litigation, Patent Agency, Trademark Business and Enterprise Intellectual Property Management. Built on a foundation of core values of “Prescience, Vigour, Proactivity, Efficiency, Teamwork and Accountability”, Quanjun has proved its professionalism and dedication by providing clients with high-quality, efficient and all-round legal services.
Founded by Lawyer Li Quanjun, the Guangdong Quanjun Law Firm and Shenzhen Quanjun Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. unite a host of experts with over a decade of experience in intellectual property litigation, patent representation, trademark services, and corporate IP management. With a team ethos encapsulated by prudence, swift execution, collaboration, and accountability, Quanjun has established a formidable professional team committed to delivering comprehensive, high-quality, and efficient legal services.
时态错误
译文一使用了“are founded”,这属于时态错误。英语中,这个表达通常不用于描述已完成的动作,尤其是在介绍机构成立的背景时。译文二使用了“Founded”,正确地使用了过去分词作为一个被动语态的开始,清晰地表明了律师事务所和知识产权代理公司是在过去由刘权郡律师创建的。
外文滥用
“如履薄冰、雷厉风行、团队协作、勇于当责”,译文一中提到的价值观是“Prescience, Vigour, Proactivity, Efficiency, Teamwork and Accountability”。其中,“Prescience”指未卜先知,“Efficiency”指效率,并不直接对应原文中的“如履薄冰”和“雷厉风行”。译文二以“prudence, swift execution, collaboration, and accountability”为核心价值观,更加准确地反映了原文的含义。
案例三
最终导致专利难授权或授权后专利效果不佳。2
Ultimately, it is difficult to grant a patent or the patent effect after granting is not good.
This approach frequently results in difficulties in securing patent approval or in patents that, once granted, fail to effectively serve their intended purpose.
结构粗疏
译文一“Ultimately, it is difficult to grant a patent”可能误导读者认为困难在于专利管理当局审批的过程中,即它似乎强调了专利审批的难度而不是专利本身的问题。而译文二中的“This approach frequently results in difficulties in securing patent approval”更准确地传达了是某种方法或途径导致了获取专利批准的困难,这更忠实于原文的意图,即难度源自于专利的内容或方法本身,而非审批过程。
语境跳水
译文一“the patent effect after granting is not good”这个翻译过于直接,没有很好地传达原文意图。相比之下,“fail to effectively serve their intended purpose”不仅避免了直接否定的表述,而且更准确地描述了专利一旦被授予后,无法有效发挥其预期的作用,这反映了专利的实质效果问题,而非仅仅是“不好”。
译文二里“This approach”作为句子的开头,为后续的描述提供了一个清晰的起点,也使得整个句子的逻辑流程更加顺畅。这同样可以归于语境“高”转“低”过程里的必要铺垫。
案例四
商业秘密是指不为公众所知悉、具有商业价值并经权利人采取相应保密措施的技术信息、经营信息等商业信息。
Trade secrets refer to commercial information such as technical information and business information that are unknown to the public, which have commercial value and are kept confidential by obligees through corresponding confidentiality measures.
Trade secrets are defined as technical and business information that is not publicly known, possesses commercial value, and is protected under measures by the rights holder to keep such information secret.
术语误用
译文一里,“obligees”被用作“权利人”的英文对应词。然而,“obligee”通常指的是在债的法律关系中享有请求权的一方,强调的是权利的接受者或受益人的角色,但并非特别指向商业秘密的保护或权利维护的背景,用在这里属于荒腔走板。
译文二采用了“rights holder”来翻译“权利人”,这个表达更加准确。从字面上讲,它不仅仅指代了法律关系中的受益人,而且直接暗示了某人或某实体持有并保护特定权利(在这个上下文中是商业秘密)的身份。这个词更准确地反映了“权利人”在维护其商业秘密时的主动和保护角色。
长句别扭
让我们分析两个翻译中对于“不为公众所知悉、具有商业价值并经权利人采取相应保密措施的技术信息、经营信息等商业信息”这一复杂概念的处理。
译文一采用了比较直接的结构:“Trade secrets refer to commercial information such as technical information and business information that are unknown to the public, which have commercial value and are kept confidential by obligees through corresponding confidentiality measures.”
这种翻译保持了原文的信息顺序,但在流畅性和明确性方面略显欠缺。特别是“are kept confidential by obligees through corresponding confidentiality measures”这一部分,在英文中听起来有些别扭,可能导致理解上的困难。
译文二则更为精炼且易于理解:“Trade secrets are defined as technical and business information that is not publicly known, possesses commercial value, and is protected under measures by the rights holder to keep such information secret.”
这种表述更加流畅,有效地将“不为公众所知悉”、“具有商业价值”和“经权利人采取相应保密措施”这三个关键特性以更清晰、更逻辑的方式呈现出来。特别是使用了“protected under measures by the rights holder to keep such information secret”这样的表达,不仅避免了使用“obligees”这一可能导致误解的术语,而且更准确地描述了权利人保护商业秘密的行动。
结论
以上通过对比各案例译文一和译文二,我们可以清楚地看到,译文一虽然基于AI翻译的结果,但在理解和表达上存在明显的局限性。相比之下,译文二同样结合了AI翻译的建议,但在理解和表达方面表现得更加清晰、易懂。这种差异不仅体现在专业术语的准确使用和表达方式的地道上,也反映在语境更加贴合,说服力和吸引力更强。
显而易见,尽管AI翻译技术的进步为语言转换提供了便利,但在处理专业领域内容、理解文化差异以及保证语言的地道性方面,专业译者的角色仍然是不可替代的。译者不仅仅是信息的传递者,更是文化和语境的桥梁,能够让信息在不同文化和专业背景间传递时更加准确。客户所购买的这种专业敏感性,体现译员面对不同选择时的判断能力;这种超越眼前文字的宽阔眼光,自动化翻译工具无法完全复制,非专业译者也无法借助机器“瞬间”得到加持。
因此,追求高质量翻译尤其是需要专业领域知识或对文化差异有深度理解时,寻求和信任专业译者的服务至关重要。无论是企业还是个人,面对需要精确翻译的材料时,应该认识到专业译者的价值。